“La calle está caliente” : estrategias etnográficas en la aproximación hacia los jóvenes raperos de 15 colonias del Área Metropolitana de Guadalajara, en un contexto de diversas violencias

Abstract

Ethnography in contexts of risk is one of the concerns of anthropologists and social scientists, who have found it necessary to develop protocols of action to approach the field of study. The climate of violence in the country compromises the ethnographic immersion of the researcher. That is why I intend to discuss some important clues for working in neighborhoods where the specter of organized crime dominates and imposes new logics on the territory, as well as on the population that inhabits these localities. The objective of this article is to propose some ethnographic strategies in contexts of violence in the surroundings of the metropolitan area of Guadalajara, which I have carried out especially in 15 neighborhoods where some young rappers of the "malandro" style live. I start from the assumption that rappers are immersed in this circle of violence that influences their representational character and the practices they carry out. This has intensified the life trajectories of the exponents and keeps them in constant tension. Likewise, I consider that the recommendations given by ethnographers need the articulation of other techniques to approach the understanding of the lives of the subjects and reduce risks, and that in many cases they allow to solve the low density of the approaches to the territory in situations of danger, that is why I incorporate in my research the Multimodal Discourse Analysis and the Critical Discourse Analysis. These interpretative approaches helped me to understand the background of the violence that situates the territories and the challenges that arise in the ethnographic approach to the neighborhoods inhabited by the tapatíos rappers.